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Now, the question is: do you pay up or stand by your principles? (Para. 2)
Meaning: Now you must decide whether to pay the officials a large sum of money to bribe them or to stick to your principles.
Language Point 10
…do you pay up…(Para. 2)
pay up: pay (a debt) in full, often unwillingly
If you pay up now, you will not be taken to court. 你如果现在付清，就不会送你上法庭。
Eventually, they paid up, but only after receiving several reminders. 最后他们总算全部付清了，但那是在收到好几张催款单之后。
But don't expect your travel insurance to pay up unless you're injured or get your luggage damaged in the storms. 除非你受了伤，或在风暴中你的行李受损，否则别指望你的旅行保险会支付赔偿。
Language Point 11
…stand by your principles? (Para. 2)
stand by:
1) still believe or agree with sth. said, decided or agreed earlier
He continues to insist that all he wrote in the book is nothing but the truth, and that he will stand by his words. 他一直坚持说他书里写的都是真的，而且他会信守诺言。
She still stands by every word she said. 她仍然信守自己所说的每一句话。
2) help sb. or be friends with them, even in difficult situations
I wouldn't break the law for a friend, but I would stand by her in need. 我不会为了朋友而违背法律，但如有需要的话，我会支持她的。
I owe so much to my family for standing by me through all this. 我非常感激我的家人，他们支持我经历了所有这一切。
3) be present while sth. bad is happening but not do anything to stop it
How can you stand by and see him accused of something he didn't do? 看着他无辜受到指控，你怎能袖手旁观？
The Secretary of Defense has said he would not stand by and let democracy be undermined. 国防部长说他不会眼看着民主制度被破坏而无动于衷。
4) be ready for action
British and American warships are standing by to evacuate their citizens if necessary. 英美军舰已经处于准备状态，以便在必要的时候撤走侨民。
The troops are standing by. 军队正严阵以待。
Language Point 12
It is easy to talk about having high moral standards but, in practice, what would one really do in such a situation? (Para. 3)
Meaning: Talking about having high standards of good behavior and honesty is easy. But, in reality, what would one actually do in such a situation?
Language Point 13
…but, in practice, what would one really do in such a situation? (Para. 3)
in practice: What happens in practice is what actually happens, in contrast to what is supposed to happen.
It seemed like a good idea before we started, but in practice it was a disaster. 开始前这似乎是个好主意，但实际上却是个灾难。
Officially, Robert's in charge, but in practice Hannah runs the office. 按规定应由罗伯特负责这间事务所，但实际上却是汉娜在管理。
I can't see how your plan is going to work in practice. 我看不出你的计划在实践中如何行得通。
Language Point 14
Some time ago a British car manufacturer was accused of operating a fund to pay bribes, and of other questionable practices such as … and making payments to numbered bank accounts in Switzerland. (Para. 3)
Meaning: Some time ago a British car manufacturer was accused of using a sum of money to bribe someone, and it was also accused of some other practices which are likely to be morally wrong, such as … making payments to numbered bank accounts in Switzerland.
Language Point 15
…a British car manufacturer was accused of operating a fund…(Para. 3)
accuse of: blame (sb.) saying that they have done sth. morally wrong, illegal, unpleasant or unkind
He is accused of making a false statement prior to entering the U.S., which carries a sentence of up to five years in jail. 他被指控在进入美国前作了一项不实的申报，这可判高达五年的监禁。
The press began to be accused of being one-sided, unfair, of not giving a balanced picture. 人们开始指责报纸立场偏颇，不公正，没有进行全面的描述。
Language Point 16
…other questionable practices… (Para. 3)
questionable: a. having doubts about (sth.) because you think it is not accurate or correct; likely to be dishonest or morally wrong
The conclusions that they come to are highly questionable. 他们得出的结论很值得怀疑。
It is questionable whether this is a good way of solving the problem. 这是不是解决问题的好办法还很值得怀疑。
It's questionable whether the expenditure on this project is really justified. 这个工程的支出是否合理值得怀疑。
The Prime Minister received questionable political contributions for four years before taking office. 首相在执政前的四年里收受了可疑的政治捐款。
Language Point 17
…numbered bank accounts… (Para. 3)
numbered bank accounts: A numbered bank account is a bank account which is opened by using a number instead of the name of the depositor to keep secret.
Language Point 18
…making payments to numbered bank accounts in Switzerland. (Para. 3)
number: v. give a number to sth. as part of a series or list
All the seats in the stadium are numbered. 体育馆里的座位都编了号。
Number the car's features from 1 to 10 according to importance. 将汽车的特性按照重要程度从1到10编号。
I couldn't work out the numbering system for the hotel rooms. 我搞不懂酒店房间的编号体系。
Language Point 19
The company rejected these charges and they were later withdrawn. (Para. 3)
Meaning: The company denied that they have done anything illegal, and later all the charges against it were dropped.
Language Point 20
…rejected these charges…(Para. 3)
reject: v. refuse to accept or consider sth.
The Prime Minister rejected any idea of reforming the system. 首相拒绝考虑任何改革体制的建议。
The British government is expected to reject the idea of a state subsidy for a new high-speed railway. 人们预计英国政府不会接受由国家补贴修建新的高速铁路的意见。
The children of Eastern European immigrants had rejected their parents' political and religious beliefs. 东欧移民的子女已抛弃了他们父母的政治和宗教信仰。
Language Point 21
…they were later withdrawn. (Para. 3)
withdraw: v. remove sth. or take it away; move back or away from a place or situation; recall or retract
Once in court, he withdrew the statement he'd made to the police. 一到法庭，他就撤回了对警察所作的陈述。
All charges against him were withdrawn. 所有对他的指控都撤回了。
He withdrew his remarks and explained that he had meant to say “discreet” instead of “decent”. 他收回了自己的话，并且解释说他本来是要说“discreet”而不是“decent”。
The UN withdrew its representation from the town after three of its employees were killed. 联合国在其三名雇员被杀之后从这个城市撤回了它的代表。
But as the case entered its seventh day, she withdrew her claim with both sides agreeing to pay their own costs. 但当案子进入第七天，双方同意支付他们的费用后，她撤回了她的索赔要求。
Language Point 22
…there were people in the motor industry in Britain who were prepared to say in private… (Para. 3)
Meaning: …some people in the motor industry in Britain are willing to say, when there were no other people being present …
Language Point 23
…who were prepared to say… (Para. 3)
be prepared to: be willing to
It is surprising that fewer students were prepared to undertake the commitment to submit written work on a regular basis, or to study over long periods. 令人感到惊奇的是，比较少的学生愿意承诺经常交书面作业，或长时间地学习。
They were prepared to take this risk with their careers and with their lives. 他们准备用自己的职业生涯和生命来冒这个险。
Members of this organization were only prepared to take orders from the President. 这个组织的成员只愿意服从主席的命令。
Language Point 24
…say in private… (Para. 3)
in private: with nobody else present; secretly
A home is a place for sleeping, retreating to in the evenings, storing one's personal possessions and for relaxing in private. 家是晚上睡觉、静养的地方，是储藏个人财产的地方和私下放松的地方。
All she wanted now was to crawl away somewhere to lick her wounds in private. 现在她想要做的是悄悄地找个地方，独自一人从挫折中调整过来。
Compare:
in public, in a public place
It was the first time that she had sung in public. 那是她首次公开演唱。
He repeated in public what he had said in private. 他在公开场合重复了他私下说的话。
Smoking is not allowed in public places in the city. 在这个城市的公共场所禁止吸烟。
Language Point 25
Every year we're selling more than a $ 1,000 million worth of cars abroad. (Para. 3)
worth: n. the amount of money which sth. can be sold for or which it could cost if it is bought
If you are unhappy with your hotel room, we will give you another of comparable worth. 如果您对您的房间不满意，我们会给您另一间同等价格的房间。
Four million dollars worth of souvenirs and gift items have been produced for the event. 为这次活动已生产了价值400万美元的纪念品和礼品。
Language Point 26
It is difficult to resist the impression that bribery and other questionable payments are on the increase. Indeed, they seem to have become a fact of commercial life. (Para. 4)
Meaning: It is easy to get the impression that bribery and other dishonest payments are increasing. It really seems that you can do nothing to change things but accept them in commercial situations.
Language Point 27
…a fact of commercial life. (Para. 4)
a fact of life: a situation that cannot be changed, esp. one that is unpleasant
Gradually she had come to accept it as a fact of life, though the grief had been longer in going and the sadness was still sometimes there, an echo in the night. 她逐渐地把它视作残酷的生活现实，尽管伤痛要较长时间才能消失，尽管悲哀在夜晚还会时时回归。
It's a fact of life that if you're in any way well known, then you're going to come in for criticism. 这就是残酷的生活现实：你在任何方面出了名，那么你就会招致批评。
We'd all like to see less and less dangerous chemicals carried on the motorways, but unfortunately, it's a fact of life that it's one of the best ways for them to get the stuff around. 我们都想看到越来越少的危险化学品在公路上运送，可不幸的是，残酷的现实就是这是运送这种东西的最好的办法之一。
Language Point 28
By announcing this, it joined more than 300 other U.S. companies that had admitted… (Para. 4)
Meaning: By making it known publicly, Chrysler Corporation, together with more than 300 other U.S. companies, had admitted…
Language Point 29
…we can divide these payments into three broad categories. (Para. 4)
divide into: (cause to) be separated into (parts)
The class divided into two groups to talk about different parts of the subject. 班级分成两组讨论这个问题的不同部分。
After World War Two, Germany was divided into two separate countries for more than four decades. 第二次世界大战后，在长达40多年的时间里，德国被分裂成两个国家。
Divide the cake into four equal parts. 把蛋糕分成相同的四份。
Compare:
divide among, divide between
Divide the money equally between your brothers. 把钱在你两个兄弟之间平分。
Divide the cake equally among all the children. 把蛋糕在这些孩子们中间平分。
Language Point 30
…we can divide these payments into three broad categories. (Para. 4)
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